Strategic Global Operations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Strategic Global Operations - Essay ExampleINCAT entered into joint venture with AFAI of Hong Kong against its anterior strategy of licensing shipyards to build vessels in different countries. INCA is globosely knows for its two high-speed ferry designs. It enjoys excellent story for its customer service and the safety of its vessels. Although INCAT had initially licensed shipyards, it entered into joint venture in 1996 due to heightened global demand. The growth of the company has taken place through innovation, diversification and globalization as competition has step up and as economic situation has worsened (Wickham, 2005). This paper evaluates why INCAT chose to enter into joint venture against licensing for construct catamaran vessels.Depending upon the equity participation desired, the technology transfer, the risks and controls, the costs involved, an organization chooses to either enter into licensing agreement, joint ventures, or lose a wholly-owned subsidiary. Licens ing is a contract in which the licensor provides the licensee with access to one or a set of technologies in exchange for financial compensation (Rajan & Pangarkar, 2000). In this agreement there is very little equity involvement by the licensor or the multinational unit. Licensing requires a high level of technological competence. INCAT would just receive the royal house in exchange for the technology but would have little control over the quality. When technology is transferred to radical and uncertain markets, the transaction cost is high and hard entry mode is preferred (Zhao & Decker, 2004).INCAT and AFAI had worked together for some(prenominal) years and developed a relationship of trust and commitment. INCAT received inclination from several shipbuilders located in Malta, England, China and Sweden but it preferred AFAI for several reasons. Cultural distance can pose an obstacle in the management of joint ventures and this can be reduced through experiential

Blood Disorders Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Blood Disorders - Research Paper ExampleAnother reason that can result in iron deficiency anemia is due to hemorrhage. But Amy is basically suffering from anemia because of her imbalanced aliment which fails to supply iron to her body according to her essentials as she is a young child and the iron requirement is high in young children. The diagnosis is based on the history of the patient as well as the physical examination in which pallor will be seen and increased heartbeat may alike be present. Also clinical tests need to be done which include complete gunstock count as well as the count of reticulocytes. The treatment needs to be directed towards reverting the level of iron and hemoglobin in the blood to normal. If there is severe deficiency, iron supplements need to be provided. The next thing is the correction of the diet and the addition of iron rich foods in the diet. These include meat, nut as well as fish. Vegetable sources include spinach, green vegetables and lenti ls. Fruits rich in vitamin C should also be taken because they assist in absorption of iron. These include oranges and strawberries. Prevention of the disease is basically pore on the correction of the diet and the maintenance of a proper healthy diet which contains adequate core of iron.Marcus is a 5-year-old African-American male who has just moved to New York City, and is visiting his new pediatrician for a kindergarten physical. His mom tells the nurse that she carries the trait and wants Marcus screened for it.Marcuss mother is carrying the sickle cell trait and she wants Marcus to be screened for sickle cell disease which is a condition with a very high preponderance in African-Americans. reap hook cell anemia is a bleeding disorder which is mainly hereditary and is inherited. The disorder results in the tax write-off of an abnormal form of hemoglobin which is known as hemoglobin S and it also leads to a rock-bottom lifespan of the red blood cells. This hemoglobin alters the oxygen carrying

Essay I 3610 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

I 3610 - Essay ExampleAs much as they are not physically with us, their memories are lighten fresh in our minds. This can be traced back in the sixteenth century. The oral story coition had main objectives of connecting to the roots of our ancestors and has moral teachings. Gradually the evolution of having stories and poetry work edited for future procedure came into place. The secret behind story apprisal was to pass this wisdom from one generation to another. The story telling in like manner revolved the core business of the society that include skills like leather works, blacksmith and the farming activities fitting to mention a few, (Faroqhi, p 204).Many of the stories that were passed to the next generation had a common pattern of religion, empires and their migration business relationship and having been confined by geographical zones. The death of the rich travelers that resisted the rule of the Ottoman was told to emphasize on consignment of the Turks, stressing the importance of loyal citizenship. The worriers at that time can be compared with the current soldiers of today and their key roles to defend the boundaries against the enemy, (Faroqhi, p 206). The many gifts and rewards that the worriers got when they returned back from war. In todays human they are rewarded in terms of monetary value.At the Ottoman era, the story telling was done also on occasions that had great value at that particular time. Another great moment was the gaolbreak moderns of the birth of a new prince within the empire, circumcision season, the court marriages and not forgetting the ascension day of the new ruler. This was the high time the story teller would portray skills on words chanted. The entertainment was highly cute and the deliberate effort to preserve that culture is evident on our valued historical museums, (Faroqhi, p 220).This paper acknowledges the great efforts that our great grandfathers did during their time. The great teachings from our histo ry and this help us refresh our roots. Governments and other stake

Sykes Enterprises Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sykes Enterprises - Case involve ExampleHis primary way has been financial return and he has used finances as the ground for expansion, retraction and other strategies. However, it is necessary for the top management to reconsider some of the strategies from a financial level off-of-view so that it can streamline its current operations. It may not be necessary that a call sum should require closure if it is not doing come up. There can be consolidation of operations as well as optimization of activities that would result in follow-reduction. Initiative by the top management will be the only reason why call reduce managers would want to look at their operations and anticipate for cost-minimization strategies. The change should come from the top management to the bottom and this would be the driving factor amongst call center managers for cost reduction.Convergys is the largest market holder in the call center and order processing business. Sykes Enterprises scale of operation s is only a fraction of the two market leaders in this business. However, this cannot be attributed to any especial(a) strategy on the part of Sykes competitors. Sykes aggressive strategy has been in terms of the number of call centers and its cost competitiveness. Sykes Enterprises did not see order processing and bill processing as a major assiduity and thus its corporate clients were always looking for Sykes when they needed a cost-effective solution.Reliability is one of the let on features that is missing from the brand positioning of Sykes in the industry. Thus, Sykes needs to re-consider its position in the industry and work towards astir(p) it from just another low-cost solution to a reliable and smart solutions company - that would work at lower costs not just because of low quality but because it has found the key to strategically reducing costs of its operations. Review of Mission and ObjectivesSykes existing mission and objectives are not very more than suited to its operational strategy. Instead of focusing on the low-cost attractions to the corporate world, Sykes should focus on a moderate strategy on using its services and quality of operations as the focal point of attracting corporate customers. It should revise its mission and objectives to incorporate these ideas in its mission and objectives. Further, it should make sure that its strategies reflect this mission.4.0 strategical Alternatives and Recommended StrategyStrategic AlternativesIt is obvious that Sykes can take more than one action to improve its revenues and embodiment a profitable business. The closure of its operations in India have resulted in consolidation of its costs in the United States. The competitors of Sykes have resorted to opening up call centers in South East Asian nations such(prenominal) as the Philippines to counter the high turnover costs and possible wage rises in Indian cities due to growing economies. It is important for Sykes to focus on its costs and re venues. Sykes needs to increase its revenues and reduce its costs. Sykes can focus on increasing the number of services that it offers from its existing call centers so that the costs of the services do not rise, however, there will be a rise in the revenues for the services.Another recommended

Development of Points Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

cultivation of Points - Essay ExampleBased on the above description, the paper intends to discuss the cultureal setting of a schoolhouse as well as the utilisation of Principal in maintaining the effectiveness of the school. Moreover, the discussion will be focused on comprehending the detailed perspectives and links with leadership of the educational setting establish on an understanding of the role played by teachers, other staff members along with the involvement of p arnts as well as the community. Situational Analysis of Education Setting- Development of Points The considered situation in educational setting of a school grass be described based on the critical issues that give up been illuminated. The issue stated in educational setting illustrates that with the inadequacy of Principal, who is the formalized head of a school, effective functioning of a school has been cloged as the activities performed by the Principal have let down the work process of school. This has resulted in creating enormous cause on maintaining different activities performed by teachers, staffs as well as other non-teaching staffs in school premises. The Principal was appointed in the school for maintaining the quality functions in the school premises. However, after a certain point of time, the activities performed by the Principal became a bane for the entire administration as it disappointed all the teachers, students, parents and other staffs simultaneously (New England Complex Systems Institute, 2013). The effects entailed significant malfunctioning of the curriculum in school. In this context, it can be stated that the staff members, teachers and students demanded for changing the Principal in order to maintain the proper functioning of activities of schools along with... From the above observations, it can be comprehended that education is very much important in the modern day context. The system of education comprises classroom, layout of the school as well as va rious curriculum organised by the administration of the school. It can also be stated that leadership in education plays a significant role in maintaining the effective functioning of schools along with providing quality education to students. The leadership qualities in educational sector are utilised in order to attract talented teachers and make formulation of programs in education. This report makes a conclusion that through the assessment of an educational setting it has been recognised that the Principal plays a crucial role in directing the activities of the school in the right path. However, certain misdemeanour of the Principal can hamper the entire collaborative activates of the school. Therefore, such critical scenarios need to be tactfully addressed by the recent Principal through the incorporation of collaboration, cooperation and teamwork amid every member in the school authority. The Principal needs to satisfy the responsibility of the activities performed in school and provide quality education to students through effective teaching and training process. Moreover, with authentic education it is possible to develop the system of education along with maintaining innovative teaching dimensions parcel in sustaining in the environment. Effective participation and collaboration from every member would enhance the morale of the staffs as well as students and would help in building greater cooperation for maintaining sustainable development of the school.

Literary Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 8

Literary Analysis - Essay ExampleSpayde (1998) further adds that formal training is a vital necessity, however power and class simultaneously plays significant role in the sector of schooling. For instance, the graduates from homo class universities like Stanford and Harvard would be offered the designations at workplace to prepare the work schedules for those who have acquired their degree from a not so famous, regional college.The eminent journalist and novelist, Earl Shorris (Spayde, 1998, p.67) realized the flaws of the modern facts of lifeal system and took endeavour for starting up an Ivy League adult education course which was meant for the Asians, whites, blacks and Hispanics (p.67). On the first solar day of his lecture, Shorris (Spayde, 1998, p.67) addressed his students and let them know that humanities is not just a subject to be examine by the Rich strata of the society. The term Humanities embraces the entire world and its people. The concept of humanities teaches the students how to live, how to think and how to make happy life. The subject enriches the readers by providing them a new perspective towards life. Spayde (1998) further recognizes several misconceptions about the term education. He states that training at a local computer school is an option considered suitable for the hapless Americans. However technical training inevitably turns out to be obsolete after a a couple of(prenominal) years.Spayde (1998) argues that education is nothing but a dialogue which carries different meanings for different societies. The present concept of education is merely making the students suitable for fighting the global competitiveness but Spayde (1998) states that despite of possessing specialized skills, these present-day(a) graduates lack intellectual breadth (p.68) which can only be learnt by the practice of humanities. The professor of environmental studies of Oberlin College defines the recent trend of

Distance education comparing 2 educationalinstructional websites for Essay

Distance education comparing 2 educationalinstructional websites for use of medium - Essay ExampleWithin the context of the stated, the IHEP (2000) examined existing benchmarks, guidelines, and principles that addressed quality online learning. The inquiry resulted in a list of 24 benchmarks that are deemed essential to quality online distance learning.Proceeding from the higher up stated, this research will evaluate two distance learning programs using the 24 benchmarks referred to in the above. This outline will show that even though Phoenix Universitys online programs are very well developed, they fall diddle of Athabascas.Benchmarks and recommendations for online distance learning were developed by galore(postnominal) sources (ADEC, 2001 AFT, 2000 IHEP, 2000). The guidelines represent institutional and energy controls over many aspects of distance learning and included (a) program quality and standards (b) faculty oppose (c) student services (d) military rank and assessme nt (e) role and mission of the university (f) access to learning resources (g) quality of faculty (h) student interaction with faculty and peers and (i) a comprehensive engineering science plan.The institutional support benchmarks were defined as (a) a documented technology plan that included electronic security measures to ensure that the validity, quality and integrity of the information (b) the technology was as failsafe and reliable as possible and (c) the existence of a centralized system to maintain and support the technology infrastructure. As regards both Phoenix and Athabasca, no information was provided on either website regarding institutional support.2.2Student secondAccording to the MEP 2000 student support benchmarks for online distance learning were (a) the availability of information about courses and programs (b) hands-on breeding and information for students on the library and its resources (c) the availability of technical support, instructions on technology, and tutorials and (d) a system in place to quickly address student questions and complaints with regards to student services. As relates to Phoenix University, the website mentioned the factor of student support but did not clarify the type of support offered. In direct comparison, Athabasca emphasised technology druthers courses, program orientation courses and additional training and support for all enrolled students.2.3Online Course and

A research on how importance of good HRM for asia's leading cost Essay

A research on how splendour of good HRM for asias leash price airline in Malaysia - Essay Example....................... 2.1 Introduction.................................................................................................... 2.2 Cultural diversity............................................................................................. 2.3 Performance management and evaluation..................................................... 2.4 Participative leadership................................................................................... 2.5 Line management learning............................................................................... 2.6 Conclusion....................................................................................................... The importance of good HRM for Asias leading low appeal airline 1.1 Introduction descent Asia, headquartered in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, is considered a pioneer of low cost airline travel and is considered the worlds best low cost airway provider. The company operates in an oligopolistic market structure, one where there is only a sm each fistful of air travel carriers. In this type of market, competitive rivalry dictates the majority of strategic business decision-making in which the organisation must be adaptable and flexible to changing market conditions and competitive behaviours. In 2011, Air Asia sustained revenues of US $1.62 billion (Air Asia 2012). The company operates as Air Asia and also under different adjunct brands, including Air Asia X, Air Asia India, Air Asia Japan, Philippines Air Asia, Thai Air Asia, and Indonesia Air Asia. This makes the company a licitly multi-national organisation, one which must work with distinct regional social cultures in a very versatile employment model. Cultural differences make training and development critical in order for Air Asia to nurse its positive brand reputation and ensure that the organisational structure operates much like a cohesive, family-oriented unit. The companys mission is to be the best company to work for whereby employees are treated as part of a big family (Air Asia 2013, p.2). In order to accomplish this mission, having good human resources practices, especially in areas of training and development, is dead essential. Gaining competitive advantage involves ensuring expatriates adjust to new cultures within subsidiaries, promoting career succession and emphasizing team political theory in all inter-dependent business units. 1.2 Research title, questions and objectives Research Title The importance of good HRM for Asias leading low cost airline Research Question How can the training and development programs impact on the performance of AirAsia Airlines known as a budget airline? Research Objectives 1. Provide an analysis of training and development programs. 2. Evaluate the effectiveness of training programs for employees 3. Discover how Air Asia utilises performance management in a budget carrier business model. 1.3 Research rationale Training programs are very important for companies straight off as it helps to bring the company a positive brand reputation by ensuring that employees agnise all operational and service delivery roles. Training and development brings more benefits to the company in terms of gift management and also provides advantages against competition through building of competencies and service skills. To understand an oligopoly, one must understand how a business utilises its employees as valuable resources to achieve mission and vision, whilst also satisfying important revenue-building customer

Tribal gaming Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tribal gaming - Assignment ExampleIn the absence seizure of tribal gaming, reservations flock still be effective in terms of reducing the rate of poverty, lessen the rate of unemployment, and increasing the tribals income. However, reservations economies atomic number 18 systematically underdeveloped because most of them atomic number 18 rigid in poor regions of a country. Due to their limited resources, income and ready access to nearby markets, most of the reservations economies quell underdeveloped. Tribal gaming strategies are commonly used to gradually improve their overall socio-economic conditions of each family (i.e. improved literacy rate, better access to education, higher employment rates and higher income, etc.). To ensure that tribal communities are able to maintain their cultural values and practices despite the process of economic modernization, most of the tribal governments are creating a framework that aims to strengthen the cultural background, education, an d identity of the tribal nations. Through the use of cultural revivification strategies, it is possible to preserve or maintain the cultural values and practices of the all tribal communities without the need to adversely affect their economic growth.The tribal gaming investments reflected the underlying cultural values of the tribal people because of its spillover effects. Since people living in tribal lands are socially and economically benefiting from tribal gaming investments, in that location is a strong possibility wherein cultural values and beliefs of tribal people on gaming can be altered accordingly. It means that some people from the tribes could accept gambling as something that is normal.

Oil industry in Russia in 2050 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Oil industry in Russia in 2050 - Assignment ExampleOf vital logical implication are the factors, which influence international involve and supply of skill.Owing to the fact that approximately 1.4 billion tidy sum in assorted parts of the world do not have electricity, it is very vital that bother to modern forms of energy be enhanced to meet the United Nations Millennium Development Goals of poverty and crave reduction, as well as the promotion and expansion of health and education. By the year 2050, the Russia will be virtually energy sufficient. The major reason for this is the increased domestic production of oil and shale gas in Russia. The fact that the Russia is among the major players in the international field alongside United States of America and other countries, requires that a national energy outlook report be carried out on the nation.Energy is very large in different regions of the world since it supports and enhances social development as well as the growth of fiscal systems in different nations. As a consequence of the universal importance of energy, it is of utmost magnitude that different actors affected by the energy industry, for instance, the consumers of energy, leaders in government, actors in the energy sector, commercial institutes and the civil society, mount a comprehension of the basic actualities which typify the energy sector. This paper aims at describing a national energy outlook report for the Russia in the year 2050. This report will present the long-term projections of the supply and demand of energy in the Russia from the present times to the year 2050. The descriptions and projections made in this paper will instruction greatly on the contributions made by the petroleum and gas sectors. The energy resources in the United States, as well as the policies, regulations and ethics, which influence the Russian energy sector, will also be examined. An in knowledge analysis

RESEARCH COURSE WORK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

RESEARCH COURSE WORK - Essay ExampleAlso, as far as population distributions are concerned, non-parametric tests make no assumptions about the shape of these distributions, nor do they lay claim that the two populations have equal amounts of variability (Miller, 2006). Correlation and Regression A correlation is a quantitative value that describes and measures the characteristics of the race between two variables. Typically, correlation measures the direction of the relationship, whether positive (direct) or negative (inverse) the token of the relationship, whether, linear, exponential, quadratic, etc. and, the extent of relationship, that is, correlation close to 1 or -1 indicates a strong relationship magic spell correlation close to zero indicates the minimality of the relationship. If the relationship is linear, then regression gives the linear equation that best predicts the relationship between the independent and dependent variables (Gravetter & Wallnau, 2008). Measures o f central tendency The mean, median(a) and method of a data serve measure central tendency. The mean is typically the average value of the data set, taken by summing up all the data points and dividing the sum by the total sample size. The mean is used when the distribution is somehow evenly distributed, without the presence of extreme values. The mode is the nearly frequent value in the data set, and is most commonly used when the data is made up of categorical or nominal values. The median is the place value or the score that divides the distribution in half so that 50% of the values dissimulation below or at the median (Bluman, 2004). When a distribution is symmetrical, the right-hand side of the graph leave behind be a mirror image of the left-hand side. In this case, in that respect is only one mode and it is equal to the mean and the median. Skewed distributions, on the other hand, are lopsided towards one side. Positively skewed distributions peak at the left where the mode is, the median to the right of the mode and the mean to the right of the median. In negatively skewed distributions peaked to the right where the mode is, the median to the left of the mode, and the mean to the left of the median (Gravetter & Wallnau, 2008). The meaning of Statistical Significance Statistical significance is basically the level of risk that one is free to take in rejecting a true null hypothesis. For example, when testing the equality of the means of two data sets at 1% or .01 level of significance, it means that on any test of the null hypothesis, there is a 1% chance of rejecting the null hypothesis and thus concluding that there is a disparity in the means when there is no difference at all (Miller, 2006). Part B. The research national The data set extracted from Brainmass.com was gathered to conduct research on the housing of a neighborhood that encompasses 5 townships. Using the data gathered from 100 housing properties, the researcher wants to find out the relationship of the characteristics of the really estate property to its market value. Furthermore, the researcher wants to find out which among the variables have the greatest effect on the market price in order to come up with a mathematical model that go away forecast the market value of a property given the values of the independent variables. The research variables The following(a) variables were used in this data set Price The variable Price refers to the current price or market value of the housing property, measured in thousands of US dollars. This variable is treated

Economic of Apples over Price Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economic of Apples everyplace Price - Essay ExampleSo the price elasticity is always negativeI undefiled my Bachelors in job last academic year. The choices in front of me to continue my studies were get the hang in Commerce of Masters in barter Administration. I opted for Master in Business Administration. My next best substitute(a) was Masters in Commerce.I evaluated the money I leave alone be spending in doing Masters in Commerce and Business Administration. Also I calculated the benefits (my salary) I will be bill of exchange after my course. In Commerce I will learn more of trade and Accountancy. Whereas in Business Administration I will learn overview of business administration, management principles and strategies in managing the businesses. My earnings as conductor are more when compared to my earnings as Accountant. As a manager my learning, personality also grows. I can as well start my own venture.Business Administration gives more exposure to businesses rough the world. Business administration is more practical and the approach is so. The choice to specialize in interested vault of heaven is more with business administration. And job rotation is easier in Business administration. In my career I will managing businesses rather than do the tasks. The job involves decision making and strategy making. And the horizon I would work on is broader. All this sounded interesting to me.

Locke Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Locke - Essay ExampleWithout getting consent from the original averer, at this point, no one dirty dog possess the resources (Locke 35). Accordingly, all singulars essential labor to acquire office. In addition, the property must personally put on the individual for it to be considered individual property. Labor that the individual cornerstonenot use can be traded in for money, which can later be re-traded for property. Locke contrasts gaining of possession through reachs both natural and unnatural. The major difference between the twain processes is whether the property that one sought for avouchership had a previous owner or still fix within the common ownership domain. People who want to acquire property that already belongs to other individuals do not apply labor to own the property (Locke 40). Instead, they are out to own what someone else has already applied his/her labor to with nothing, such as money, in return. While it can be argued that any individual taking own ership of anything should first seek out others to ask their permission if the community owned it, Locke deemed this start impractical. He compares it to requiring permission from everyone in sight before eating an apple one has found locomote by the roadside (Locke 41). Similarly, if an individual takes ownership of property and leaves more of the same for other people to own and enjoy, no property usurpation can be claimed to have gone on. This should be considered as an action of natural occurrence. However, Locke does caution on how natural private property can be, arguing that the individual should besides take as much as is indispensable for personal and family enjoyment (Locke 45). In addition, the property must be only enough for enjoyment without it going bad in the process. For instance, it is not natural in his view to hoard what can perish. While this is true, it is not unnatural for an individual to own or arrive at more than is enough for personal consumption if t he excess is further traded for the purpose of attaining what one does not own or produce. Since labor endows private property with its naturalness, an individual cannot claim property simply for owning it. The individual is required to labor on the land. Therefore, any individual can lose ownership of their property if there is no application of labor (Locke 46). This is because, in that state, the property is not of benefit to them or anyone else. From a cursory culture of Locke, one could assume that he proposes that it is right for a person to put up boundaries on field of study parks and apply labor to it, allowing the property to become his/her private property. However, deeper reading counters this interpretation by viewing that, at this point, there is there is an overlap of divine law and hu gay law. While nature allows man to use earth as he sees best for convenience and self-sustenance, man is not necessarily the determinative of how individuals depart use the land (L ocke 50). For this reason, people come together to create social bodies and jurisdictions such as towns and villages, which determine the best way to benefit collectively from the resources. Sometimes, these jurisdictions may determine that some land will be left out of individual hands and be in common ownership. Attempting to own the property individually would cause a decrease in its usefulness to the community that possesses the land together.

Thematic Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Thematic Analysis - Essay ExampleThe second reading was done to a greater extent cautiously, with an emphasis on understanding what the answers were. On the third reading, a different tact was taken by reading only the same question and answer from every copy and noting the differences and the similarities of the participants answers.The interviews actually posed septet questions to the participants and needless to say, thither were also seven answers corresponding to the questions. For example, the off personate printing question in every transcript for every interview is How would you define your gender identity? This question and the answers to them by the seven participants were the first items to be taken. To make the eventual classification of these answers easier, seven bits of similar sized document were used. In each piece of paper, the answer of the every participant was written. The same process was also observed for the next questions so that there were seven sets of papers corresponding to the answers of the seven questions, consisting of seven pieces of paper each for every interviewees answer. The papers were, of course, properly labeled and tagged as to the participant number and question number.To proceed with the process of the thematic analysis, the first question and therefore the first set of papers were studied. The answers were again read, noting particularly their similarities and differences. Answers with similarities were grouped together. For the first question, for example (i.e., How would you define your gender identity?), the answers were grouped together into three. Each group of answers for the first questions was scrutinised carefully and examined for their similarities. The next step was to give a label or tag to the similarities that underpin them. For the first set of answers, for example, the label of Sex was attributed because these answers equated their gender identity with the Sex that they were born with. The second set of answers for the first

Why a Firms Market Value Differs From Its Book Value Essay

Why a Firms Market Value Differs From Its Book Value - Essay ExampleThis paper illustrates that the role of book value of companies is losing its importance as it tends to be usually lower than grocery store value. The approach taken for accounting is past-oriented from the market value which denotes mostly the companies earnings and hence the difference. This occurs because for rating of the real value of a company it takes into servant its earnings measured in money as well as other in overt and tangible assets etc., in any case unlike the market valuation. There argon many evaluation methods followed and the most relevant of them are the evaluation based on the Economic Value Added (EVA) which is Net Operating Profit Minus adjust Taxes reduced by (Invested Capital*Cost of Capital). This method takes into account the opportunity costs of capital. EVA too suffers from the drawbacks as from accounting. Another theory, Shareholder value theory suggests that through the refers of the stakeholders, the stockholder value can be reaped. This is for ensuring riposte satisfaction to all the interested parties in the long run. The stakeholder theory aims at a collective interest of all stakeholders or sees the realization of their goals as the ultimate objective. Double value creation system is also followed where a company increases its customer value through its operations as well as creates its shareholder value through the sale of its product. Thus, it could be noted that the company value could be increased except if both the shareholders and stakeholders interest are considered simultaneously while doing the performance evaluation. This results in the distortions or disparity between the MVE and the CSE (market value and book value) and the conditions for this are (i) Economic rents (unbiased accounting) (ii) Accounting distortions (Perfectly competitive equilibrium) Thus, the information bearing upon the performance evaluation of a company helps in expla ining the reason for the difference between the market value and the book value. Ideally, it could be inferred that the most important things to be considered in value creation processes are 1) The Performance evaluation should be able to provide information for proper decision-making and ensure feedback. 2) The kind and nature of the information collected and the theme from which the information is collected for valuations are therefore significant. The source, its nature, the methods used for valuation, the coherency, the adaptability with the strategic objectives etc serve as crucial indicators.

Directions in Language Essay Example for Free

Directions in address EssayOn this essay we ar going to expressly talk on promoting Academic Success for ESL Students and also understanding game delivery acquisition for train, I will take my time to apologise Linguistic subprogrames and discusses the lingual processes of beginning(a) and second oral communication acquisition. First linguistic process acquisition is a tangled, womb-to-tomb process. And I will also explain in detail the powerful factors of social and cultural processes on all aspects of linguistic, cognitive, and faculty member stand upment.Students that are in English speaking Countries, who English wording is very newborn to need to acquire profiency in the words, and this same student need to learn some things in addition such as, to learn a trim of academician content, some of which they are very new to. Now let us look with these major model factors. The model defines factors that en suitable predictions to be made regarding English l earners degree of second language acquisition in an academic context.Taking a critical look from the authors angle describe in detail the dimensions and fates of the model and gives more(prenominal) clearly several currently popular types of education weapons platforms for English language learners in the United States. Such as their degree of adherence to the model. Finally, we compare the predictions of the model, using predicted rankings of relative program success, to the actual measured effectiveness of each program in producing varying degrees of English learners achievement open frame closure with mother tongue-English speakers.Promoting Academic Success for ESL Students We are going to look critically at, why is necessity to promote academic success for ESL students and Understanding second language acquisition for school. In the recent interrogation by (Thomas Collier, 1995) shows that when examining interactions among student background you can deduce the differenc e in treatment and variables and their influence on student outcomes. The two-way bilingual education at the elementary school level which was found has fully grown a promising program model for the long-term academic success for language minority students.words acquisition over the years has recently become a thing of necessity for every ESL students, steriliseting language as a major tool for effective learning and successful years of study. In a scenario ESL student in country such as USA. It becomes a must for such a student to learn second language, if not it will be a little bit worry for such a student to learn fast and even relate with other friends around.ESL students must be encouraged to relate with English speakers and language minority students learning academically with each others languages. (Virginia, George mason University, 1995). Perceptions among staff, students, and parents that it is a gifted and talented program, leading to high expectations for student performance with this kind of influence tending(p) to both languages a level of language stability would be achieved to a large extent creating boldness among language minority students.The duty of parents to promote both language minority and language majority for border(prenominal) home-school cooperation can not be over emphasized to help in promoting the influence academic success for ESL Student, their must be cordial relationship mingled with ESL students and Teachers/lectures or between ESL students and other colleagues and more so between wards/guardian and ESL students and the school authorities.We must watchfully guide against racism around us and protect the interest of ESL Students. The continuous support for staff schooling, emphasizing whole language approaches, lifelike language acquisition through all content areas, cooperative learning, interactive and discovery learning, and cognitive complexity of the political program for all proficiency levels. . (Virgin ia, George mason university, 1995). The linguistic processes of first and second language acquisitionThe lifelong process For us to really understand the progresses in language acquisition during the school years, it is expedient to recognize the complex, lifelong processes we actually go through to acquire our first language and second language acquisition in parallel processes. The complex oral language growing system from birth to age five is universal, without any(prenominal) physical disabilities or isolation from populace. But the most talented five-year-old child entering pre-nursery is not withal half-way through the process of first language development.Research heard it that Children from ages 6 to 12 will spread over to acquire steady or continuous distinctions, conventional discourse patterns, vocabulary, syntax, semantics, and complex aspects of pragmatics in the oral system of their first language (Berko Gleason, 1993). More so, children that are properly brought up in this level adding reading and penning to the language of listening and speaking across the globe are usually very intelligent, skilled and emergence in grades level and a clear increase in language academics subject.Adolescent that eventually gained introduction into high school must have learned and acquired lots of vocabulary in every make up of study and will continue to acquire more writing skills, this process continues like that till you get to adult age. Adult age is very sensitive age as language acquisition is concerned, as an adult you may not be able to learn too more language than your first language you had acquired. So first language acquisition is an unending process throughout our lifetime (Berko Gleason, 1993 Collier, 1992a).let us take a look Second language acquisition is also a complex phenomenon. We use some of the same processes we have used to acquire our first language, going through reform-minded stages and relying on native speakers to provide m odified speech that we can at least partially comprehend. The influential factors of social and cultural processes There are quartette major comp angiotensin converting enzyment of model namely, sociocultural, linguistic, academic, and cognitive processes.These four components are interrelated together and for you to really understand their importance in developing second language acquisition processes that occurs in the school context. There is a invention below to show the interrelationship between the four components. Figure 1 nomenclature Acquisition for School (Virginia P. Collier, 1994. ) sociocultural processes At the center of the figure above, you will notice that other components are surrounding social and cultural processes through the process of acquiring a second language in school.It is Central to that students acquisition of language are all of the surrounding social and cultural processes occurring through everyday life within the students past, present, and future , in all contexts-home, school, community, and the broader society. The work of Sociocultural may entangle individual student variables such as self-esteem or anxiety or other affective factors processes in promoting second language acquisition. These factors can strongly influence the students response to the new language, affecting the process positively only when the student is in a socioculturally supportive environment.Linguistic processes A second component of the model, consist of the technical aspects of language development (an innate ability all humans possess for acquisition of oral language), as well as the acquisition of the written system of language metalinguistic, conscious and formal precept of language in school. First and second languages across globe include the acquisition of the oral and written systems of the students, such as phonology, vocabulary, morphology and syntax, semantics, Pragmatics, paralinguistic, and discourse. (Virginia 1994. ) Academic develop ment.A third component of the model, academic development, includes all school work in language arts, mathematics, the sciences, and social studies for each grade level, Grades K-12 and beyond. It this win grade, academic work dramatically expands the vocabulary, sociolinguistic, and discourse dimensions of language to higher cognitive levels. Academic knowledge and abstract development transfer from the first language to the second language thus it is most efficient to develop academic work through students first language, while teaching the second language during other periods of the school day through meaningful academic content.In earlier decades in the United States, we emphasized teaching the second language as the first step, and postponed the teaching of academics. Research has shown us that postponing or interrupting academic development is likely to promote academic failure. In information driven society that demands more knowledge bear on with each succeeding year, stu dents cannot afford the lost time. (Virginia 1994. ) Cognitive development The fourth component of this model, the cognitive dimension, has been more often than not pretermit by second language educators in the U. S.until the past decade. In language teaching, we simplified, structured, and sequenced language curricula during the 1970s, and when we added academic content into our language lessons in the 1980s, we watered down academics into cognitively simple. (Virginia 1994. ) Tasks we also too often neglected the crucial role of cognitive development in the first language. Now we know from our growing look base that we must address all of these components equally if we are to succeed in developing blockheaded academic proficiency in a second language. Interdependence of the four componentsAll of these four components-sociocultural, academic, cognitive, and linguistic-are interdependent. If one is developed to the neglect of another, this may be detrimental to a students overal l growth and future success. The academic, cognitive, and linguistic components must be viewed as developmental, and for the child, adolescent, and young adult still going through the process of formal schooling, development of any one of these three components depends critically on simultaneous development of the other two, through both first and second languages.Sociocultural processes strongly influence, in both positive and negative ways, students plan of attack to cognitive, academic, and language development. It is widely advice and crucial that educators provide a socioculturally supportive school environment that enable natural language, academic, and cognitive development to flourish. (Virginia 1994) ConclusionThese few points raised above I belief has shown the importance of Language Acquisition for ESL students, crucially I have been able to raise some reasonable points concerning, understanding the relevance of Language Acquisition for ESL student. Promoting academic s uccess for ESL students Understanding second language acquisition for school because I have been able discuss the linguistic processes of first and second language acquisition which also link to First language acquisition is a complex, lifelong process.More so, I have been able to explain the very importantly the influential factors of social and cultural processes on all aspects of linguistic, cognitive, and academic development and interrelationship between these component and why they must be put in place, if we really deprivation to promote Language Acquisition for ESL students. Without bordering our minds for ever am sure that these points contributed have immensely added to effect of promoting Language Acquisition for ESL students, understanding the importance of first language and second language acquisition and also the processes problematic in learning these first and second language.The component involved in enhancing the Language Acquisition had been enumerated above.e xtensionBerko Gleason, (1993) Collier, (1992) Collier P Virginia, (1995). Directions in Language Education National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education. George Mason University. Vol. 1, No. 4, Collier. P. Virginia, (1997). Promoting academic success for ESL students Understanding second language acquisition for school (3rd ed. ). Woodside, NY Bastos. Thomas Collier, (1995).

Technological advancements for identification Essay Example for Free

Technological advancements for identification EssayThe Platypus was first described in 1799 in Shaws naturalists Miscellany along with the koala, Kangaroo, wombat and emu. The most curious was the platypus. Since its first discovery there has been much make do as to whether it is a mammal and how it should be classified.The platypus is a primitive mammal that has many features that ramify it from other mammals-it lays eggs, there is an absence of true dentition and an absence of mammary glands, although it has special glands that secrete milk. It has hide like other physicals, but it has a beak like the bill of a duck, webbed feet and a tail like a beaver.A dried platypus skin has been sent to England in 1798 and was considered to be fake.Up until 1884 there was uncertainty about how the platypus reproduced. In 1884 Cald wellhead solved the problem by capturing a female with eggs.About 1904 the scientific American reported that there are many mammals that do not possess tee th when adults.Up until 1973 there was uncertainty about the platypus being able to make up ones mind its tree trunk temperature like other mammals. Recent research shows that it can regulate body temperature but the weapon is underdeveloped.There are two living assorts The platypuses and the echidnas. The notwithstanding cretaceous mammal known for Australia is in addition a monotreme, Steropodon galmani, a platypus-like animal that might be more appropriately placed in a family of its own.Until 1971, an apprehensiveness of the history of Australias platypus was non-existent. Apart from the fact that it was a monotreme and only known from Australia, all else was mystery. wherefore three major discoveries were made two molar teeth of Obdurodon insignis, a 25 million-year-erstwhile(a) platypus from the Tirari surrender a jaw fragment with three teeth of sterepodan galmani a 110 million year old monotreme from opal deposits at LightningRidge, New South Wales and, from 15-20-m illion-year-old Riversleigh deposits, a complete skull as well as a nearly complete dentition of a second species of Obdurdon.In 1971, while one puzzled group of Palaeontologists stared in confusion at a strange tooth found in the late Oligocene deposits of Lake Frome Embayment. These were the first teeth of a fossil platypus to be found and were named Obdurodon insights.Naturally, these central Australian discoveries caused a great weigh of delight as well as anticipation but despite many tonnes of processed hyaloplasm later, central Australia has failed to produce more than a few isolated teeth, a fragment of a start jaw and a portion of a pelvis. find of the opalised jaw of Steropodon galmani in the dinosaur rich early Cretaceous deposits of Lightning ridge was one of the most exciting moments in the history of Australian palaeontology. It was the first and so utmost only known Mesozoic mammal from Australia. It may also have been the largest Cretaceous mammal anyplace in the world, overlapping in size some of the smallest dinosaurs, although less than twice the size of the living platypus. It had well developed teeth whose shape indicates that even by this early date monotremes has achieved many of the distinctive alveolar consonant features that distinguish them from other groups of mammals.When we first discovered Ringtail Site at Riversleigh ,one of the system C localities in Rays Amphitheatre, apart from the ringtail possum jaw and some bats, we saw little in the way of mammals. barely in the lab we were delighted to find isolated molars of the first fossil platypus from riversleigh. In the 1985 pilgrimage a whole, perfect skull, the first and only ornithorynchid skull known apart from that of the modern Platypus. It was spotted as a braincast, complete with fosslilsed blood vessels when pieces of the skull were disturbed away in the course of fracturing blocks of limestone. After recovery and restoration of the broken pieces and dissolution of the surrounding limestone in dilute acetic acid,the skull that emerged took their breath away.The Riversleigh material has provided a great remove of new information about the structure, relationships and paleobiogeography of platypuses in general. At this point besides the complete skull there is a complete dentition and partial lower jaw.So far, specimens of the riversleigh Obdurodon have come from the so called aquatic sites.Discovery in 1991 and 1992 of Obdurodon like monotreme teeth in 61-63 million year old sediments in Patagonia, grey Argentina, has shocked everyone who thought platypuses were uniquely Australian. Clearly they were once part of a Gondwanan fauna that must also have been present on Antarctica, but survives today only in Australia.Because the living platypus, the only surviving descendant of Obdurodon, has become highly specialised with loss of its functional teeth, overall reduction in body size simplification of most of its cranial anatomy, we are concerne d that all the lineage is in make up.When a group looses its generalised body form and edges to far out on its evolutionary limb in terms of specialisation, that limb is in increasing danger of falling off. The fossil record of rapid decline over just the last 15% of its known history suggests a less optimistic view.This is an animal just surviving in the twilight of a long and remarkable history.To add to these concerns, todays platypuses persist only in the permanent river systems of eastern Australia, sometimes in remnant rainforests but more often in the rivers that drain the open forests of the great divide. With humans abusing their the chemistry of the waterways with fertilisers and other noxious substances and deforestation and pollution of the rivers watersheds its examine may be in imminent danger of going out.

Cheque Case Essay Example for Free

Cheque Case EssayA check bounces either because there is non enough money or credit in a bank to cover its amount, as in DAIF (drawn against in decent funds check), NSF (non-sufficient funds check) and closed account.Batas Pambasa Blg. 22 punishes any person who, KNOWING at the measure he issues a check in payment of obligation that he does not have sufficient funds or credit with the drawee bank. The gravamen of this special penal law is the issuance of check, not the non-payment of the obligation. (Lozano vs. Martinez, 146 SCRA 323). Checks form disunite of the banking system for being substitutes for money. Hence, BP Blg. 22 is neither violative of the constitutional provision against imprisonment of non-payment of debt nor the non-impairment clause.In the result of Que vs. People, the Supreme Court settled that B.P.22 applies even in cases where the dishonored checks were issued only if in the form of a DEPOSIT or a GUARANTY and not as actual payment. The law does not cod any distinction. Criminal liability attaches to the drawer of the check whether it was issued in payment of an obligation or merely to guarantee the said obligation. PRESCRIPTION, which is the termination of the right to prosecute is a defense in B.P. 22. The lapse of iv (4) years AFTER the expiration of the five (5) banking days from notice of dishonor is the prescriptive period for register bounced check case.Whereas, if a person, at the time the check was issued, had the intention of stopping payment of check, shall be iniquitous of estafa under the Revised punishable Code. In estafa, the issuance of a post-dated or check without funds is intend to defraud and to cause damage to the payee.Deceit is an element of estafa while the same is not required in BP Blg. 22. A person therefore, who issues a check in payment of an obligation can be held apt(predicate) at the same time for violation of B.P. 22 and estafa under Article 315, par. 2 (d) of the Revised Penal Code. Foreign checks, provided either they are drawn and issued in the Philippines, though payable outside, are within the reporting of the law. (De Villa vs. CA, 195 SCRA 722).The signatory/ies are the ones liable under the law whether the bounced check is issued by natural or judicial person because the corporation cannot be subject to arrest and criminal liability.

Which three poems show alternate views of death Essay Example for Free

Which one-third poesys show permutation views of conclusion EssayRemember, Plena Timoris, and Refugee Mother and claw all depict alternate outlooks on oddment, yet similarly arise from the prospect of befogged savour. Remember by Christina Rossetti is about(predicate) the uncertainty when anticipating finis Plena Timoris by Thomas venturous is about the death of a woman due to the transience of love and the effect of this death on a nonher woman conveying a similar stance to Refugee Mother and Child by Chinua Achebe, which is about the death of a child in times of famine and destitution, as both view death in a negative light. Plena Timoris, or a woman full of fear and dread, revolves around the typography of the transience of love and warns of the dangers of becoming too attached to your l all over. The melancholic calibre of the poem is immediately inferred, as the commit of Latin in the title automatically indicates a certain formality. Indications of the item that it was written during the prim period are also make evident through persona of language such as tryst, suggesting that the lovers are meeting in secret. This reflects the discreetness of courtship during the Victorian era, as a man could not publicly declare his adoration for a woman, nor could she respond.The reader is primarily introduced to the lovers in the first stanza, where a romantic and light-hearted mood is created through the use of alliteration in her earrings twinkled her teeth, too shone and they laughed and leant. There is an immediate mood transfer thereafter, once the dead body of a woman is found in the river. Not only is save indicated by the immediate change in atmosphere, but is also accentuated by Hardys use of the triplet climbed over slid down let go. The tone for the rest of the poem is a depressing and dismal one. This is given prominence to through Hardys use of ominous and morbid language, such as in the statement a sopping body began to show, thus showing the reader the dangers of unreciprocated love so much for love in this mortal sphere, implying that it is considered unfeasible to find real love on earth.There is yet some other immediate change in tone hereafter, once the reality of death has hit the female assistant in the poem. She becomes, along with the mood, detached, aloof and indifferent, as intensified by the simile it seemed as to freeze her. Hardys use of long vowels in day and lay also slows down the pace of the stanza, and further stresses the mournful tone of the poem. After witnessing the death, the reader learns that she no longer feels safe as his artillery dropt from his as they wandered away it is presumed that the arm represents security, and thus the girl is willingly abandoning the connection she had with her lover.In Remember, Rossetti directly addresses her lover regarding her forthcoming death, resulting in the use of an advisory tone throughout the poem. Similarly to Plena Timoris, an over tone of mournfulness and grief is also present, and this is emphasized by the repeated imperative to remember me, as advantageously as the euphemistic feel created by the fiction Remember me when I am gone away/Gone far away into the pacify land. Her proportion of death to a journey sets a tranquil mood for the remainder of the poem, as the words silent land indicate a dormant state a remote place that is neither gifted nor painful.Comparatively to Plena Timoris, Rossetti is torn between love and death on one hand, she seems to be truly commit to her lover, and begs him to remember her once she is dead on the other hand, she seems nonchalant in her compliance to tell him to stuff her just the same, as shown in the opening line, Remember me when I am gone away. In job to Plena Timoris however, she is not frightened of death, nor scared of what will become of her, and needless to say death has not made her reconsider her relationship with the one she loves. Unlike Plena Timor is, Remember is written as a sonnet, implicating that Rossetti is trying to be calm and rational about death, and she is doing so by controlling her inclinations into an ordered poem.Again, in contrast to Plena Timoris, the sonnet indicates that this poem was written during the Renaissance era, a time when love and courtship was openly celebrated inappropriate to in secret. In this sonnet, the octet is used to depict the problem, You understand it will be late to focusing then or pray, in contrast to the sestet where Rossetti offers a solution Yetdo not grieve. As well as this, the regular rhythm throughout the poem keeps with the formal structure, and differentiates between her irregular contradictory thoughts.This is all the way shown in the poem when she hesitates between telling her lover to remember her when she has gone away, yet advises them to forget and smiling rather than that you should remember and be sad. In one way, this makes it seem as if Rossetti has accepted de ath, almost as if she is anticipating it without worry. However, in the line nor I half turn to go yet turning stay she shows that she is still torn between life and mortality both her lover and her death dominate her thoughts.Refugee Mother and Child portrays the harshest depiction of death and its tragic value out of the three poems, as told from a narrative viewpoint. In contrast to the first two poems, Achebe is a visitor at the scene of death, not experiencing it personally with a lover like in Plena Timoris and Remember. However, as a result, he reflects upon the inevitable tragedy he has witnessed. On the whole, Refugee Mother and Child is about the theme of the strength of humanity. Comparably to Plena Timoris, the reader gets an immediate implication of what the poem is about from the title in this case, war. His use of foreshadowing in the first stanza in the line for a son she would soon have to forget also adumbrates the events to come for the reader.He emphasizes both h is horrific and dire view of death, and the ruthless circumstances of war and famine in his own country, through his use of vivid imagery in the second stanza, the air was heavy with odours of diarrhoea of un serve children with washed-out ribs and dried-up bottoms. The mercilessness and realism of death are also made present throughout the poem, shown through Achebes use of pestilent connotations such as ghost and skull. It is also similar to Remember and Plena Timoris in the fact that love is lost somewhat unwillingly as a result of death. Achebe shows his approbation for the woman and her love for her son by comparing them to Madonna and Child this representation of the epitome of a perfect white mystify-child relationship greatly contrasts the black refugees that they represent.Contrast is also used to put emphasis on the, aforementioned, horrors of famine, as seen in washed and unwashed. Her love for her son is yet again accentuated in the line as she combed the rust-colour ed hair left(p) on his skull. The fact that she is combing his hair shows that she deeply cares for and has not given up hope for him yet. However, this is conflicted by the simile now she did it like putting flowers on a tiny grave, as it in fact shows that deep inside she has faced reality and knows that her son she soon would have to forget.In all three poems a great number of different linguistic styles and techniques are used by the poets to portray their alternate views of death. Plena Timoris successfully juxtaposes the living with the dead to emphasize the transience of love the contrast between staying with the one you love and death results in an ambiguous yet slightly more optimistic outlook on death in Remember, whilst similarly in Refugee Mother and Child, the images of death are contrasted with the loving and caring impression of the mother created by Chinua Achebe. All in all, these alternate depictions of death are not only successfully accentuated by contrast, but by use of vivid language and imagery as well.

The book Gap Creek Essay Example for Free

The book fling Creek EssayThe main objective of the book Gap Creek is to educate people about the trials and ch allenges of marri board. The speaker of the book, Julie Harmon tells about her trading floor as a teenager and continues till the time she met Hank and married him. Till then, the story focuses more on their lives as a couple. The story is narrated from the perspective of the main character Julie. It started on her life as a teenager. At an early age she started to help in chores and in some of his fathers work. She lives with her father, bugger off Delia, baby brother Meseiner, green sister Rosie and baby sister Carolyn.Meseiner, being the only boy, was unfit by her parents. However, it was non long when he passed a itinerary following her father being sick. Since then her mother was not subject to do the things she utilise to and it was up to her and her sister Rosie to do the house works since her sister Carolyn is now the one being spoiled by her mom. She works awkward akin a mankind since she knows that if does not take charge and do her fathers work, nobody would get it done. Unfortunately, her father didnt make it and passed a course too. Her family was having a hard time adjusting to her fathers death but later on found a way to still keep the family intact.One day when Julie and her mother were working on a field, a man came by intercommunicate for directions. Hank Richards, who came from downtown, went to look for the Willards on the mountains since they are selling sweet taters. Later on, he and Julie took a special interest on each other, and after spending time with each other twice, Hank asked Julie to join him. Julie agreed, not bothered by her age and current life situation. Her mother did not approve of this for she thinks that Julie is not ready for a married life. Nevertheless, her mother failed on convincing her to back out of the marriage.After Julie and Hank got married, they move to Gap Creek and her sister Rosie took over on the family obligations. The bad news is that the new couple didnt have a place to live, so they agreed to live with Mr. Pendergast who allowed them to live with him in exchange for family unit services. Hank works all day and Julie does the chores. When Hanks mother came to visit, Julie accidently caught wake up while preparing dinner for Hanks mother. When all of them were safe outside the house, Mr. Pendergast rushed inside to get is pension money. Sorry to say, Mr.Pedergast didnt make it for the fire was to big. When the fire was cleared, they were able to retrieve Mr. Pendergasts body, burned and lifeless. Julie and Hank, uncertain of their future, with a baby on the way didnt know how long they could stay in the house before the heirs take it. Hank Richards, though a supporting character, is the one being talked about in this paper. whatsoever of his actions showed defense mechanisms studied by Freud. When he was in the field asking directions from Julies mother, he showed displacement for he used Julies mother in order to get close to Julie.Displacement is delimitate as the redirection of an impulse to a respite target. Another example was when Hank and Julie for fighting on Christmas. Hank whos originally angry at Julie for constantly asking nonsense question, instead directed his anger to the flood and the storm leaving an angry and sarcastic receipt to Julie If the creek rises we wont be able to get out of the house without a gravy boat when asked what to do if the flood rises. He also showed projection when he was talking to Julies mother like an old man.He also illustrated this when they were in the forest and said that there are a plentitude of varmints in there, in which he referred the varmints to the Willards. When we say projection, we tend to deny our thoughts and whimsys by attributing them to somebody else. Hank however showed isolation a lot of times. First was when he was a Julies house for dinner and she inv ited Julie to go to the shrink for he said that drinking cold water is good after hot dinner, isolating the item that Julie spilled coffee in his pants. It is possible for someone to portray to characters at once.In this case, Hank also showed reaction geological formation for he believed the opposite, meaning even after Julie spilled hot coffee on his new bought pants, he came to love her more. He also showed reaction formation when during a storm, he said that they never had floods on Christmas even if he knows that that happens because they live on a mountain before. To make it more clear, isolation is defined as stripping or isolating the emotions from a difficult memory or threatening impulse. chemical reaction formation, as mentioned earlier, believing on the opposite. Most of Hanks attitude shows intellectualization or rationalization.Some of these were when Hank was asked by Julie about banjos. Hank, having a bad memory with his father when talk about banjos becomes rathe r more focused on the humor on how the banjo was made out of the skin of a cat. When he and Julie went to the ring to drink, instead of commenting on how refreshing the water was he prefers to compare the idea the waters mouthful from rubies and emeralds. When Julie talks about his father using wine for rheumatism, Hank engaged on the conversation that pokeberry is better for its remedial on the joints and explains how the wine can warm and soothe the joint.Intellectualization is defined as analyzing instead of feeling and reacting, which Hank showed most of the time when he answers intelligent but unrelated answer. On the situation when Julie asked Hank to sing a Christmas carol, Hank answered him that he cant remember how to sing depicts denial and at the same time, repression. He was in denial that he cant sing and at the same unconsciously repressing the idea that he can sing for he is more focused on the flood at that time. defense is defined as falsifying reality which is somewhat close to repression. Repression however, means not being able to remember things. Gap Creek was truly wonderful and a lot of values can be learned. The trials and challenges that Julie and Hank overcome were really admirable for with each obstacle that would come to them, both of them always want to spot to put their lives back again. Works Cited Cherry, Kendra. Defense Mechanism. About. com Psychology. Web. 18 May 2010. http//www. psyhology. about. com

First Grade Curriculum Guide for Mentally Retarded Students Essay Example for Free

First Grade course of instruction Guide for Mentally Retarded Students EssayVarious models of language, which are rich and are in dissimilar marks of literature, including, poetry, songs and fiction are to be introduced. The five major ideas in use uping are some of the solid ground of the curriculum and the instructions. They inspire the various assessments that to be utilisationd. Phonemic Awareness It involves the ability to and be adequate to bullshit sounds in spoken communication. It also involves the ability to isolate letters and sounds and also to blend sound and segment sounds. alphabetic Principle This refers to the capability of associating sounds with letters and uses these sounds to form new words.Fluency with text Is the effortless and the ability of the proofreader to read words in connected text automatically. Vocabulary Being able to effectively commiserate and use words so as to acquire and convey meaning. Comprehension This process involves the int entional converse that takes place between the reader and the text to be able to convey meaning. Literacy Centers Each day a baby bird will be expected to participate in centers. This will allow the youngsterren to be able to explore various materials, try to reinforce concepts already taught and direct their own learning.The centers are likely to castrate weekly. They include Word wall centre, Art centre, Listening centre, poetry centre, term of enlistmenting centre and Reading centre. Writing, spell out and Phonics The children will be given the courage to apply their knowledge of letter sounds as temporal spelling. after(prenominal) the child knowing how to say words slowly as well as listening to the sounds, this should aid him record the message and think of himself as a writer. As the child progresses, he will be expected to move toward a more convectional spelling and in that locationfore will be held increasingly accountable. dustup and spelling of high frequency ar e taught when working with words block of while. In each week, there will be an introduction of word wall words which will be seen by the child always during the time of reading and therefore he will need to spell frequently era writing. To add on that, through these words, the child will be taught letter sounds and some spelling patterns of the words that are well known such as at so that they are able to spell words like fat, sat, mat and even cat. The goal is to modify the child recognize the spelling patterns and then consistently use them while writing.The writers workshops will consist of ample time for writing, mini lessons and during guided writing sessions, there will be sharing of time. Grammar will be taught to children including the use of punctuation marks. There will be the use of modern manuscript as a form of handwriting. There will be no extra time being spent on design line formal handwriting, but rather there will be incorporation of the teaching of proper le tter formation into some other(a) daily lessons. Reading Curriculum The development of literacy will form the uncomplicated focus of the first grade year.There will be a well balanced literacy program which will include a wide range of language experiences which involve reading, writing, listening and speaking (American draw and School Administrators, 2006) Reading aloud to children This will be a guided reading where by the teacher will be required to read allowed for the children to pay extra attention to be able to memorise what is being read. The children listen carefully. The children will then read with the teachers help. This is achieved when the teacher reads then the children repeat what is being reading. overlap Reading This is also referred to as Independent reading. There are two forms of independent reading Children read in group together Children read alone First, there will be grouping of children to enable them read as a group. In this they will be able to assi st each other catch up. Those who are fast in mastering the words are likely to play chief(prenominal) roles. After doing this the children will be allowed to read on their own (individually). This is the best time to determine whether a child has got something from the session.

Systems Approach Essay Example for Free

Systems Approach EssayIn the 1956 edition of Modern Systems Research for the Behavioral Scientist, A. D. Hall and R. E. Fagen delineate a clay as a restore of objects unneurotic with relations between the objects and between their attri unlesses. (Scholtes, rooster R. 1998, 42)The system archetype has been taken from the exact sciences, specifically from physics, where exact laws lead to exact measurements. Though, the methods of the exact sciences argon of little or no utilization for the social sciences, since these often deal with more than composite and 3-dimensional systems. A system is a whole that conceals two or more parts that satisfy the quest five conditions.The whole has virtuoso or more defining functions.Each part in the set domiciliate affect the behavior or properties of the whole.There is a subset of parts that is sufficient in one or more environments for carrying extinct the defining function of the whole each of these parts is separately needful but insufficient for carrying out this defining function.The way that the behavior or properties of each part of a system affects its behavior or properties depends on the behavior or properties of at least one other(a) part of the system.The effect of any subset of parts on the system as a whole depends on the behavior of at least one other subset.Ackoff (1994)In systems theory, organizations ar viewed as open or socio-technical systems which trade with their environment. They import information, material, and energies, do somewhatthing with or to them, and export them to an added system. The benefit of the systems approach is that it reveals organizations as social institutions which in some way or other beat the second law of thermodynamics, by which the amount of haphazardness (or disorganization) in the system is said to tend to exploit. Organizations achieve authority by reducing entropy or disorganization. While information is received, uncertainty is reduced. Informatio n git be considered by the amount of surp show it induces in the receiver, and organizations assist to bring the degree of surprise under direct. Systems principles are ground in part on the following conceptsThe whole is more than the sum of its parts. A related principle is synergy, or the effectiveness of crossroads action.Organizations are goal seeking.The cybernetic ideas of feedback and balance affect system surgical procedure.Systems are arranged hierarchically.A system can buoy attain the same state from a variety of beginning statesthe principle of equifinality thithers more than one way to skin a cat.Certo, S.C. (1998)In systems theory, organizations are seen as systems of information flows as sets of black (unknown-content) boxes linked by a series of inputs, transformations, and outputs. Information is the organisational currency, and it has to be searched for, bought, processed, and sold to some other system. The modern executive is a serial processor of informati on who needs to bring receptive data concerning the environment down to an optimal level where it can be handled. While the executive suffers pluck or is placed in an environment of sensory deficit, bizarre behavior may result.The most unusual success of systems organization was the Apollo Project to put a man on the moon. This effort utilized bug out caution, defined as doing what we say we are going to do. The conventional loyalties of the NASA people and the technicians from the aerospace firms broke down as the task became the focal point of their lives. The systems approach has spread to other industries, assisted by the widespread use of ready reckoners, which make information a key to raw material. (DeGuess, A. 1997)The systems approach focuses instead on organization systems. It asserts that if employees can develop these systems, most lean-related employee problems will disappear without individual counseling.In addition to conceptual weaknesses, there are as advant ageously as staid process related weaknesses in quality improvement processes (QIP) s that stress the train phase and overlook others, especially the vehicle emplacement phase. For one thing, such efforts are typically top-down. maestro trainers, following the lead of those who set upd the adaptation phase, begin by training upper and middle-level managers, who, in turn, are supposed to train lower-level managers as well as hourly workers with the support of the professionals.But there is a decisive difference between the familiarization phase and the training phase. While the up-front portion of the former can be offered to large audiences and completed in numerous weeks, the latter, when dealing with a company of any size, in conclusion involves huntning several thousand students through efficient two- to three-day sessions. Such an effort is particularly drawn out so that by the time that everyone is trained, many of the earlier students have lost their enthusiasm, their wor kshop notebooks, or both.At the same time, such training is rarely if ever sufficient Learning a technique in the classroom, even practicing it there, never gives students all the answers or prepares them fully for the real-life situation. A remarkable amount of support, therefore, is necessary when those in the main trained begin passing down their new knowledge and skills to lower-level managers and hourly workers. Such support, however, is rarely accessible. The somatic quality staff and consultants can visit just so many work sites during the year and can answer just so many phone calls (Depree, M. 1997).Basically, systems approach is a theoretical tool use to organize and marshal resources (technologies, material, and workers) to get work done with optimal efficiency and to achieve a headmaster purpose that meets precise standards.The systems approach is often identified with efficiency. Because the systems approach is as much apprehensive with effectiveness as it is with ef ficiency, this is a mistake. Either efficiency or effectiveness can be pursued to the pervert of the other in an intensely competitive market. However, efficiency gets special attention because of a prevailing inquiry most things are not existence done as well as they could be, and are, in fact, being mismanaged.If there was a will, it is believed, there would be a hatefuls to reduce costs. This belief is held especially for tax-supported general services. Though it may be true that one or another action could be run more efficiently, that is not the point. The point is whether the larger system, of which the activity is a part, can be run more competently and still deliver the product or service intended. And that is an issue of optimization.A systems approach helps managers to seam vision, gives way, provides a basis for organizing resources and measuring performance, and it assists to allocate work so the purpose can be deliver the goods according to specified standards a t bottom a set time frame. In short, it unifies and focuses effort. We now continue to a discussion of the limitations of the systems approach.The systems approach is necessary for effective decision making, for the utilization of models in outer factor, and for the application of computer technology. Systems analysis is a managerial get through, somewhat akin to breakthroughs in various sciences, and has given rise to influential concepts and tools of analysis.The systems approach is based on the work of Von Bertalanffy, who is accredited with coining the phrase general systems theory. (Pearson, C.S. 1998) He conceived of a set of objects, their interrelationships, and their characteristics as systems. The objects were merely components of a system. Therefore, any assorts of exterior activities and elements that can be delineated physically or abstractly constitute a system.Moreover, it also assists in merchandise systems that are collections of entities that form coherent groups . Channels of distribution that manage the activities of wholesalers, retailers, and manufacturers, or physical distribution activities resulting from the integration of warehousing, storage, transportation, handling, and inventory activities, are examples of market systems. The actuality that entities or activities are capable of being understood as a rational group, rather than as a collection of parts, makes them a system. This conceptual insight has led to the breeding of new disciplines such as industrial dynamics and systems engineering.In marketing, the systems approach turns on the inner theme that marketing reality occurs in systems. A line of reasoning, part of it, or its connection with others, can be signified by some worthy system that may culminate in a physical facsimile, chart, flow diagram, and series of equations, replication model, or just a concept.The survival and growth of systems is mainly determined by the efficiency of flows and communications. External factors of systems contain flows of products, services, finances, and equipment through channels and communications to and from marketplace. Two units of action of a marketing system have been illustrates as transaction and transvection. Transaction focuses on negotiations and exchange. Transvection represents a unit of action of the complete marketing system, manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers the spaning of accepted producers with ultimate consumers (Denhardt, R.B., 2000).The systems approach employs one type of model a systems model. This model recognizes a total marketing system that should be supported and reinforced so that the company can survive, adjust, change, and function professionally. While stressing coordination, it also distinguishes counterpoint and competition among units, the necessity for subsystem concessions, and the fact that resources should be used to maintain the system itself as well as to attain goals.Managers have the major accountability of recognizing the relations among the elements of the systems. They must understand their potential combinations, and organize and integrate business factors so that goals are achieved effectively (Joseph OConnor, Ian McDermott 1997). Significantly the adoption of a systems perspective depends on the individual manager and his discernment of the factors of variability in the system, the relations of inputs, and the predictions of outputs resulting from the inputs.The improvement of cohesive groups, however, does not mean that all conflicts are eradicated or that the objectives of all mechanism of the system coincide. For example, although manufacturers, retailers, and wholesalers compose a system, their objectives. May conflict in part. However, it is the extent to which objectives are common that lends cohesiveness to systems components. This cohesiveness is more enthusiastically achieved among varied functions within a firm than among firms. As firms become conglomerates of compani es, this peculiarity tends to disappear. Although the systems-perspective direction tends to prevent sub optimization, it does not rule in the analysis of subsystems. Since management cannot investigate everything at the same time, it must digest smaller pieces.Three staple types of equilibrating systems have been described, the atomistic, the organic whole, and the in-between limply coupled systems. In the atomistic system there is a tendency toward equilibrium amongst separate elements. The organic whole is a system with structured components joined together in a completely determined and inflexible pattern. They adapt to the environment by changing objectives, technologies, manpower, and organizational arrangements.Systems theory facilitates the conceptual uncoupling and comprehensive analysis of components of a whole system as well as the investigation of the behavior of the total system based on an analysis of pertinent variables.Moreover, Modern person-job match technology in volves a diversity of disciplines to bring together the right kinds of information for personnel appellation decisions. A systems approach is desired to integrate the assignment process within the organization. The traditional static job assignment problem does not exist in practice. Within organizations there is the requirement for dynamic systems that respond rapidly to changing personnel contains, supplies, costs, and objectives (Denhardt, R.B., 2000).The modules of a personnel management system projection of personnel requirements forecasting the offer of candidates supplying, including the establishment of selection standards making individual selection and job assignment decisions and evaluating organization performance and substitute policies and procedures.The objective remains the same as in the original problem to compare candidates against job requirements so that the high hat decisions can be made. The systems approach extends this process to include not exactly this decision but the determination of requirements and supply and execution and evaluation of the decision. While not all aspects of the system are every bit important for all organizations, they are usually present and should be considered by the developer and implementer of person-job matching systems.Determination of requirements is the substantive first step in personnel planning. Personnel requirements are specified in terms of the numbers pool and types of positions that are associated with plans for the organizations size and structure. These in turn are based, at least in principle, on projections of the requirements/demand for the organizations output of products or services (M. A. Hersh., 1998).For organizations in both the public and private sectors, these projections are made with tidy complexity and uncertainty, since they must be embedded in assumptions relating to the environment in which the organization will function. However, in spite of the difficulty and unce rtainty, these projections serve a key function in providing the basis for the person-job matching method.Moreover, a systems approach also helps managers to manufacturing suggests a systems approach to compensation that is, compensation practices that support the smooth and continuous operation of the system. This possibly means reducing distinctions between manual and white-collar workers, in particular elevating manual workers to remunerative status. Incentive systems, if they are essential, should be indirect and broadly based, covering at least the work group and perhaps the entire operation. Some type of gain sharing emphasizing up-time objectives seems most suitable.Thus, systems approach proposed the concept of semi-autonomous work groups based on the underlying assumption that learning and the development of social and occupational competences largely occur in cooperation and communication with others. In addition, industrial production does not provide itself well to the amend design of individual jobs, since most tasks are highly interdependent. The group thus is often the natural work unit. Optimal functioning of open, incessantly changing systems is seen as predicated on the extent to which the resources and competences for controlling the work of incompatible organizational units are returned to the members of that unit.The principle of motivation through task orientation rather than external control is improved in relatively independent organizational units that permit increased scope for self normal of work groups. Acknowledging that individuals are guided by varying goals and motivations, work has to be organized in a way that allows different individuals to satisfy varying needs and to develop new goals and aspirations. And rather than enriching jobs in mention with external experts, employees themselves are to plan and regulate their work activities by means of direct contribution based on the principle of self-design.This conceptualiz ation of human nature and work leads to forms of work organization aimed at the development of competences by giving work groups the scope and latitude to complete tasks based on their own planning and guided simply by specified deadlines and standards. There is no longer a one best way for doing things rather there is discretion and decision latitude rooted in the identification that different paths might equally well achieve the same goals. The symbol is that of an organism where different organs adjoin different functions but are reliant on each other, and can function appropriately only in relations with all other parts of the organism.Work CitedAckoff, R.L. 1994. The Democratic Organization. New York Oxford University Press.Certo, S.C. (1998). Modern management Diversity, quality, ethics, and the global environment. Upper Saddle River Prentice-Hall.DeGuess, A. (1997). The living company Habits for survival in a turbulent business environment. Boston Harvard Business School.Den hardt, R.B. Theories of Public Organization, 3rd Ed. Harcourt College Publishers Orlando, 2000 16-17, 182-191.Depree, M. (1997, April). Attributes of leaders. Executive Excellence, 14 (4,) 8-10.Gharajedaghi, Jamshid. 1999. Systems mentation Managing Chaos and Complexity. Woburn, Mass. Butterworth-Heinemann Publishers.Joseph OConnor, Ian McDermott (1997) The Art of Systems Thinking Revolutionary Techniques to Transform Your Business and Your Life HarperCollins.M. A. Hersh. A systems approach to understanding the causes of instability in nations a case study, Bucharest, Romania, 1998.Pearson, C.S. (1998). Thinking about business differently Organizational systems and leadership archetypes. Alisa Viejo InnoVision.Scholtes, Peter R. 1998. The Leaders Handbook. New York McGraw-Hill.

Mary Kay Ashs Essay Example for Free

bloody shame Kay Ashs EssayStory By phoebe Mary Kay Ash was a famous Ameri cigarette businesswoman and the discover of Mary Kay Cosmetics. She started her business with a small investment of $5000 in 1963, and soon became one of the most happy business women of her time. Mary Kay Ash was born on 12th May, 1918 in Hot Wells, Harris County, Texas. Her childhood experiences influence the future of this visionary woman, and with a signifi discountt impact to the Ameri lavatory history. Due to the illness of her father, her mother worked for 14 hours a day at a local food restaurant to take care of the family, slice Mary Kay looked after her father along since she was young. Her mother always put the you can do it tactile sensation in the young Marys mind. One time, Mary Kays mother went to work and she unavoidable to take care of the illness father at central office alone, she had to decoct medicine herbs for her father except she didnt how to do it. So she called her mother to teach her step by step on the phone, merely little Mary Kay was afraid, but her mother said to her gently you can do it . Finally, she did it. Since then, this sentence has providential her when she encountered difficulties.When she was only seventeen courses old, she married Ben Rogers then soon had three children, while her husband went to perform in World War II she took the job of direct sell of books. Due to her amazing selling skills, she earned an amazing $25,000 in just six months. While Mary Kay was enjoying her professional success, things at the personalised front werent that smooth. Her husband was killed on the battlefield, and left her with three children. After her divorce, Mary Kay took up a job with Stanley Home Products, a direct sales firm. She became very successful in selling home care products but didnt get enough recognition for her work.Her supervisors not only didnt esteem her work but also never raise her salaries. However, if a man did what she has done, somehow he can get an award. The inequality between men and women are very obvious in her workplace. So in the end she resigned after worked very hard for 25 old age in the firm, at the same time she knowledgeable a very important lesson of her life that men could not believe that a woman can be successful in business. Mary Kay turned her attention to writing a book, which eventually changed the pass over of her life and became a plan for her dream telephoner that had innovative marketing plan for women.But her controller said that she will close down if you start to open it. Its impossible, She has seen many of these cases that many plenty went bankrupt within six month. But Mary Kay never heard of it, she believed that she can do it well. In 1963, with an investment of $5000, only a 500 sq. feet store in Dallas, Texas, Mary Kay and her nine zealous looker consultant started the Mary Kay Cosmetics political party it was a direct cosmetic products selling company . In the first yr of operation, they made a staggering profit of $200,000. In the two years time, Mary Kay Company was selling products worth one million dollars.By this time, the company she created had become a worldwide enterprise with representatives in more than 30 markets. She applied the strategy of gift incentives over genuine work and started by giving pink Cadillac to the top salespersons of the year. The other incentives included diamond jewelry, bumblebee pins, and 5-star vacations. This strategy really worked and became one of the reasons for companys success over the years. If you want, do it, you can, this is her famous wisdom and realized the dream for women and a break out life of abundance with heart.She also published three best-selling books during her lifetime. Her book, Mary Kay on People forethought, another best seller was included in the business courses at Harvard Business School. Mary Kay real many honors and awards during and after her lifetime. In 1976, she received the Hall of fame Award from Direct Selling Association. Two years after that, in 1978, she got the Cosmetic Career Woman of the Year Award from the Cosmetics Career Women, Inc. The same year she received the Horatio Alger Distinguished American Citizen Award from Horatio Alger Association and so on.Mary Kay Ash passed away on 22nd Nov, 2001. She was buried in the Sparkman-Hillcrest Memorial Park Cemetery in Dallas, Texas. She is the greatest women I salaried my full respect to her. She gives women the courage to fulfill our dream not only in Mary Kay Company but also another business sectors and proved that not only men can be successful in business but also women can be. Yes, she did it. Its a very peachy piece of work, the detail information are very clear. But it will be a good idea to give one or two more examples on how she relate idea of you can do it in her later successful business life.

Pardon sought for champion Jack Johnson Essay Example for Free

Pardon seek for champion darn Johnson EssayAccording to newspaper reports this week, Sen. John McCain, the former Republican candidate for president, has introduced a resolution to Congress urging President Barack Obama to pardon jackfruit tree Johnson for his conviction of an alleged violation of the Mann operation ninety six years ago. (UPI) The resolution, truely presented to the Congress of George W. Bush in September, 2008 states in part, that Johnson was wronged by a racially motivated conviction prompted by his success in the boxing ring and his relationships with white women. (API)In 1904 Jack Johnson became the first African American heavy weight champion. At a time when shocking men were being lynched, beaten and burned for daring to look a white man in the eye, Jack Johnson was beating them viciously in the boxing ring while taunting the on-looking crowd of whites that screamed for his defeat. Jack London, a popular American author of the time, (who had an ex-sl ave as a major maternal influence in his life) railed against the melanize pugilist, writing essays pleading for some white man, any white man, to knock Johnsons oppose off.(Starnes) When white America could not come up with a Great White entrust to defeat Johnson they chose to defeat Jack in the only way they could through a federal official legality created to protect against transporting white females across state lines for the purpose of prostitution. (Mann) Prosecutors used this law despite the fact its original purpose was the prevention of non-consensual sexual abuse (e. g. , prostitution) of white females. Jack Johnson married the woman he allegedly transported across state lines for immoral purposes.When she would not testify against him, a former lover chose to cooperate with federal prosecutors. Jack Johnson fled the United States to avoid incarceration but returned in 1920 and served one year and one mean solar day in Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary. While there w ere anti-miscegenation laws in America beginning in the late seventeenth century, which persisted until 1967, all such laws were local and not federal so prosecutors used the Mann Act to accuse, try, and convict Jack Johnson.Irony is one of the greatest factors of life for African Americans no law ever protected ignominious women from being transported across state lines for immoral purposes. While marriage between black and white was mislabeled in nearly states until 1967, no laws prohibited the rape of black women by white males. Once the implication of slaves was illegal, slavery was sustained, in part, by the sexual relationships between both white men and women and black slaves. The children that resulted were most often slaves. These offspring usually added to the labor force on southern plantations.Much of Americas history has involved denying the most basic right to love another human being to its African American citizens. Irony is at its peak when the federal convict ion of a black man, for having sex with a white woman, should wind up on the desk of another black man who is the offspring of a black man and white woman Bibliography Pardon want for champion Jack Johnson United Press, Pardon sought for champion Jack Johnson, Sports http//www. upi. com, (22/4/2009), Associated Press Congress Seeks Pardon For Boxing Champ, http//www. cbsnews. com (9/26/2008)